Is hand sanitizer an acceptable substitute for soap when attempting to prevent communicable illness?

Hand sanitizer is not considered an acceptable substitute for soap and water in all circumstances when attempting to prevent communicable illness. While hand sanitizer can be effective at eliminating many types of germs when soap and water are unavailable, there are specific conditions under which it is less effective, such as when hands are visibly dirty or greasy. Soap and water are more effective in these situations as they physically remove dirt, grease, and germs.

In addition, the effectiveness of hand sanitizer is dependent on its alcohol content—it should contain at least 60% alcohol to be effective. However, it does not remove all types of germs or ensure complete disinfection. Therefore, for optimal hygiene, especially in contexts where exposure to communicable illnesses is a concern, washing hands with soap and water is always the preferred method.